t = 0.693 (R + R ) C t = 0.693 (R ) C H ( A B) L ( B) period = t + t = 0.693 (R + 2R ) C H L ( A B) 1.44 frequency ~ -------------- (R + 2R ) C ( A B) t R L B Output driver duty cycle = --------- = ---------- t + t R + 2R H L A B t R H B Output waveform duty cycle = --------- = 1 - ---------- t + t R + 2R H L A B t R L B Low-to-high ratio = ---- = --------- t R + R H A B